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1.
Weekly Epidemiological Monitor. 2016; 09 (44): 1
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-187384

ABSTRACT

As the world celebrates the world polio day, the battle continues to end polio transmission in two of the last endemic countries in the world which happen to be both in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of WHO


Subject(s)
Humans , Poliovirus/drug effects , Poliomyelitis/drug therapy , Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/therapeutic use , Disease Eradication
2.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2005 Dec; 103(12): 669-70, 678
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-104279

ABSTRACT

India has reached the final stage of polio eradication. The polio partnership in India, under the leadership of the Government of India, mounted tremendous response to the outbreak. The progress since 2003 is the most significant in the history of polio eradication in India. Surveillance sensitivity was increased to reach the goal for polio eradication. Since nearly all polio cases now occurring in India are caused by type 1 poliovirus in children, monovalent oral polio vaccine type 1 (mOPV1) was introduced in select high-risk districts of UP, Bihar and Mumbai-Thane during the April and May 2005 National Immunisation Days and the June and August 2005 in 6 sub-national immunisation rounds. Strategies were also being implemented to improve the impact of supplementary immunisation activities in the high-risk areas. As a result of supplementary immunisation activities targeted using surveillance data, India has made striking progress towards polio eradication.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Humans , India/epidemiology , Mass Vaccination/organization & administration , National Health Programs , Poliomyelitis/epidemiology , Poliovirus/drug effects , Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/administration & dosage , Population Surveillance , Program Evaluation
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 36(3): 136-138, jul.-sep. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-634471

ABSTRACT

Different immunomodulatory activities present in Trichilia glabra (TG) leaf extracts have already been described. Particularly, chloroform-methanol extracts were responsible for an in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect. The effect of such extracts on the infectivity of enveloped and naked viruses were investigated. Methanolic fraction extracts were active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), while no activity against poliovirus type 3 was observed. VSV was slightly more affected than HSV-1: 2.8 log10 reduction in VSV titer against 2.4 log10reduction in HSV-1 titer when 0.25 mg/ml F2 fraction was tested and a reduction of 2.7 log10in VSV virus titer and of 1.5 log10in HSV-1 virus titer was observed when 0.25 mg/ml F3 fraction was tested. Results obtained in this work suggest a potential pharmaceutical use of TG extract components.


Previamente se han descripto distintas actividades inmunomoduladoras, presentes en extractos de hojas de Trichilia glabra (TG). En particular, se ha demostrado una actividad antiinflamatoria presente en extractos metanólicos. En este trabajo se investigó la actividad virucida de dichos extractos sobre virus envueltos y desnudos. Distintos extractos metanólicos han inactivado en forma moderada los virus herpes simplex tipo 1 (HSV-1) y el virus de la estomatitis vesicular (VSV), mientras no evidenciaron actividad sobre poliovirus tipo 3. VSV resultó algo mas afectado que HSV-1: se observó una reducción en el título viral de 2,8 log10para VSV y de 2,4 log10para HSV-1 cuando se uso una concentración de 0,25 mg/ml de la fracción F2 y una reducción de 2,7 log10para VSV y de 1,5 log 10para HSV-1 cuando se usó una concentración de 0,25 mg/ml de la fracción F3. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo, sugieren un potencial uso farmacéutico de los componentes presentes en los extractos de TG.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antiviral Agents/isolation & purification , Meliaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Chlorocebus aethiops , Chemical Fractionation , Chloroform , Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects , Methanol , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Poliovirus/drug effects , Vero Cells , Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/drug effects
4.
Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association [The]. 1997; 72 (3-4): 411-423
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-45088

ABSTRACT

The inactivation efficiency of chlorine, ultraviolet light and ozone were determined for poliovirus type 3, Coxsackievirus type B4 and Hepatitis A virus in drinking water and treated effluent. Ultraviolet was more efficient than the other two disinfectants at wave length 254 rim where no infective virus was detected after 4 mm of UV irradiation in both drinking water and treated effluent. Inactivation by chlorine dose more than 25 mg/L was sufficient for studied viruses in both drinking water and treated effluent. Also virus- seeded drinking water was exposed to ozone for 18 min at ozone rate of 319 mg/L/h to obtain the maximum inactivation of PV3, CoxB4 and HAV but about 20 min of ozone exposure was needed for treated effluent. Physico-chemical parameters were measured before and after disinfection assay. No significant changes were observed


Subject(s)
Ultraviolet Rays , Chlorine/pharmacology , Ozone/pharmacology , Enterovirus/radiation effects , Poliovirus/drug effects , Enterovirus B, Human , Hepatovirus , Water Microbiology , Disinfectants/pharmacology , Disinfection/methods
5.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 27(1): 33-7, ene.-mar. 1995. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-223462

ABSTRACT

La planta superior Melia azederach L (MA) produce un polipéptido cíclico que puede aislarse de sus hojas y que tiene un amplio espectro antiviral contra virus con RNA de distintas familias. En este trabajo se estudió su efecto sobre dos Picornavirus: el virus fiebre aftosa (VFA) y el virus polio. Para ello se probaron las cepas A24, A87, C3 Resende, O1 Campos, O1 Caseros y O69 del VFA y los tipos 1, 2 y 3 del virus polio. Se encontró que las cepas muestran una susceptibilidad diferencial a una concentración no citotóxica del antiviral de 0,3 µg/ml, siendo las cepas A24 y A87 las más susceptibles ya que resultaron inhibidas en un 90 por ciento. Para que ello ocurra el extracto de MA debe agregarse después de la adsorción viral y conservarse en el medio de cultivo hasta la cosecha de virus ya que con todas las cepas ensayadas el pretratamiento de las monocapas no resultó efectivo. Para determinar la influencia de la multiplicidad de infección (m.i.) en la diferente susceptibilidad observada se eligió la cepa O1 Campos del VFA y la tipo 3 de polio que resultaron ser poco sensibles cuando se usó una m.i. de 1, encontrándose una inhibición del 99 por ciento para ambos virus a una m.i. de 0,001. Estos resultados indican que los Picornavirus también son susceptibles a la inhibición por meliacina, que dicha inhibición varía con la cepa ensayada y que la aparente resistencia de estos virus estaría relacionada con la velocidad del ciclo de replicación, el que es superior al establecimiento del estado antiviral, cuando todas las células son infectadas simultáneamente


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents , Aphthovirus/drug effects , Peptides/pharmacology , Picornaviridae/drug effects , Poliovirus/drug effects , Plant Proteins/pharmacology , Argentina
6.
Acta cient. venez ; 41(2): 88-92, 1990. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-101151

ABSTRACT

Se describe la síntesis de derivados nucleosídicos acíclicos 1-sustituidos del 5(6)-bencimidazol y su evaluación farmacológica como compuestos antivirales. Los compuestos fueron sintetizados utilizando 5(6)-nitrobencimidazol como material de partida con los alcoholes sustituidos, clorometilados apropiados, con el fin de obtener análogos de Acyclovir y Ganciclovir, compuestos antivirales conocidos. La actividad antiviral de estos compuestos fue evaluada utilizando cepas de Herpes simplex 1 y Polivirus 1 y bajo las condiciones ensayadas resultaron inactivos


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/chemistry , Benzimidazoles/chemistry , Benzimidazoles/pharmacology , Poliovirus/drug effects , Simplexvirus/drug effects , Virus Replication
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